1. Активизация лексики в речи учащихся
computer, hardware, software, processor, device, keyboard, calculating machine, computerized economy, computer communication, e-mail, the Internet,»Microsoft», клавиатура, принтер, устройство, жёсткий диск, программное обеспечение, процессор, память, существенный, немедленно.
2. Работа с текстом. Чтение с целью поиска конкретной информации.
As you know Bill Gates created the first software – the programs that help personal computers process different information. As founder of Microsoft Inc., he is now one of the richest men in America. Read the text and find the information about:

Bill Gates was active in his teenage years.

He and his friend developed disk operating system.

Bill Gates foresaw the significance of computers in the future.

Binary number system has only two digits.

Bill Gates’ predictions came true.

Текст 1. Bill Gates, The Software King
Most of the computers in the world use software invented by Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft Inc. of Redmond, Wash. Software is the set of programs that make computers – whether business or personal – perform various tasks.

Gates was born in Seattle, Wash., in 1955. As a boy, he was bright and curious. He was active in Scouting, reaching Life Scout rank in Troop 186. He especially loved hiking, camping and other outdoor adventures.

But Gates was obsessed with computers. While a student at Harvard University in 1975, Gates and a friend, Paul Allen, developed a computer language for an early version of the personal computer. Microsoft was born. Gates went on to develop operating systems, such as MS-DOS, and software programs.

Thanks to Microsoft, Gates is now one of the richest men in America. He is worth more than $8 billion.

A technical wizard and a fierce business competitor, Gates sees great things ahead for computers. He says they «are really going to change a lot of things in the world – the way we work, the way we play and entertain ourselves and even the way we are educated».

Текст 2. The Binary Number System

Early digital computers inspired by Howard Aiken’s Mark were huge, sometimes filling an entire room. That was because thousands of switches were needed to compute his binary number system.

In the binary number system, only two digits are recognized by the computer: 0 when a switch is off, and 1 when the switch is on. Different combinations of those two digits can represent thousands of letters and numbers.

The binary number system is still used in today’s computers. The difference is that the thousands of electrical switches have been replaced by one tiny, solid-state chip that does the translations electronically. That’s why your computer only fills up part of your desk, not your whole bedroom.
Текст 3. Computers in your Future
Microsoft’s Bill Gates and other computer experts saw great things ahead. They said that in the next few years, you would be able to sit at your computer and see high-quality video sent from any place on earth.

They predicted you would also have a wallet-size personal computer. With it you would be able to store photographs, pay bills, get the news, send messages, see movies and open locks with digital keys.

At home on your TV-size PC you would be able to see and talk with friends in other states, get medical advice, check magazine articles and pictures in a far-off library and order a pizza.

A computerized control system at home would regulate your lighting, temperature and security system.

Big dreams? Are these dreams or facts? Perhaps. But engineers have done a lot to make it reality.

To perform – выполнять

Life Scout rank – пожизненный титул бойскаута

Troop – отряд

To be obsessed – быть одержимым

Operating system – система функционирования

Worth – обладающий

Fierce – неистовый

To inspire – вдохновлять

Solid-state – твердый

Wallet-size – величиной с бумажник

Security system – система безопасности

3. Актуализация знаний: активизация знаний на основе текста.
Scan the text «The Fundamentals: hardware and software» and find the equivalents of the following words: клавиатура, принтер, устройство, жёсткий диск, программное обеспечение, процессор, память, существенный, немедленно.

A computer consists of a screen, a keyboard and a boxlike case with the «brains» of the system. For most tasks you’ll also need a printer and, perhaps, a pointing device called a mouse. This equipment is called hardware.

By itself, hardware is like a cassette player without tapes. A computer needs programms, or software, which usually includes one or more computer discs and a printed instruction manual.

The price depends on the hardware’s brain power-the type of processor and the size of its memory. How much power do you need? That depends of the software you’ll use. In general, words and numbers demand less from a computer than pictures and sound.

Sufficient power is important because a computer works in iteratively. With hardware that isn’t up to the job, you might have to wait 30 seconds for an on-screen the saurus to lookup a word. But with the right system then try would appear instantly.

4. Ознакомление с терминологией .

Put each of the following words in its place in the passage below: software, computers, peripherals, calculator, ports, monitor, keyboard, configuration, hardware, printer.

So you only have a pocket (1)_____to do addition, multiplication and soon, you want to know about real (2)_____? Right. Well, them achiness themselves are called the (3)_____ and the programs that you feed into them are called the (4)_____. If you want to see the results of what you are doing, you’ll need a (5)____or you’ll have to plug into a television set. You’ll operate your machine like a type writer by pressing keys on the (6)______. If you want to record on the paper of what you are doing, you’ll need a (7)______. On the rear panel of the computer there several (8)_______in to which you can plug a wide range of(9)______- modems,fax machines and scanners. Them a in physical units of a computer system are generally known as the(10) _____.

The key: 1 calculator, 2 computers, 3 hardware, 4 software, 5 monitor, 6 keyboard, 7 printer, 8 ports, 9 peripherals, 10 configuration.
5. Аудирование и выполнение заданий по прослушанному. Audition.
Exercise 1. Listen to the texts and answer the question «What is the computer of the future like as scientists predict?»
Wearable Computers

If you are hooked* on the computer and can’t tear* yourself from it, don’t worry. be able to wear it on your wrist,* in your glasses and even in your earings. The first wearable computers are already on sale though they are probably a bit bulgy* right now. Don’t be surprised if in a few years you’ll be putting on your socks and your computer each morning before go into work. Of course, you might not even have to leave the house. Scientists predict that in the future most of us will work from home.

wearable -пригодный для носки, носимый на себе

behooked on - быть привязанным к чему-либо, не представлять себе жизни без чего-либо

tear – оторваться, отвлечься

wrist – запястье

bulgy – громоздкий

6. Listen to the text and prove the quotation «Computers have entirely entered our life».
Some scientists say that without the computer the 21st century would be impossible. Computers today are running our factories, planning our cities, teaching our children and forecasting our future. The computer solves in seconds the problems a generation of mathematicians would need months or years to solve without its help. The degree to which computers will take over human functions may frighten some people and astonish* others. Computers, like the telephone or electricity, have become a common thing of everyday life used by almost everybody.They have entered our home life. They help to make up a person’s shopping list, remind someone of important appointments and anniversaries and answer the telephone. We often hear that the increasing flood of information will be one of the problems of the 21st century.

A computer may help to solve it too. In a computerized library of the future request for information will be answered instantly* and as fully as the user wants.

The invention of computers, calculating machines, capable of processing information, cardinally changed our life. The computer performs very simple actions, but its advantage is the speed it calculates at. In fact the computer performs hundreds of thousands of operations per second.

Computers are penetrating* all spheres of human activity, in many of them they have become indispensible,* They calculate orbits, guide spaceships and planes, calculate the targets* of economic development, play chess, help housewives to choose a menu.

It’s hard to enumerate all the uses the computer may be put to.
astonish – удивлять

instantly – немедленно

penetrate –проникать

indispensible – незаменимый

target -цель
7.Чтение с полным пониманием содержания и обсуждение прочитанного.
Read the text and do the tasks.
Not a «White Elephant»
Gwen and her husband Tim live in a small town in Colorado in the USA. When Gwen was 77 years old and her husband was 84,their daughter gave the cast-off* computer and some software*. Gwen and Tim were not much interested in it and saw the gift as the proverbial* “white elephant”. Their first responses were “Don’t need one”. “Won’t use it”.I’m too old to learn”.

In spite of their protest, their daughter left the computer with them. She also told them that the computer would make it possible for them to be in communication with her when she was on duty in London with her job, as well as with their grown children who live indifferent parts of the country. She explained to them how to use the computer, but they didn’t show any interest in it.

Sometime later Gwen decided to try the computer. It was not easy. At first Gwen was afraid she would“break”the machine. She called her son-in-law and asked him some questions about using-mail. She learned the basics of computer communication sand learned to solve problems which a rise in the process of work with computer.

After three months she could sende- mail to her children, a nephew,and any one she could reach. She is now so confident*in her abilities*that she is exploring*new ways of getting information with her computer.

Gwen says:“E-mail allows me to be in touch*with people every day. It allows me to communicate regularly with my son who has health problems. I don’t have to wait a certain time of day to call. I can send and receive messages at any time”.

And Gwen has a right to brag*.When she goes to church or community social events and tells people about the computer, they are amazed*at the fact that she can learn something like that.

She has learned a little terminology and can talk to people who know something about the computer. She conquered*the technology she didn’t think she would be able to learn.

Now Gwen is planning to install*a modem*,join the Internet and explore the net.

cast-off – ненужный,бросовый

software – программное обеспечение

proverbial – вошедший в поговорку,общеизвестный

whiteelephant – дорогая,бесполезная вещь

arise - подниматься

confident - уверенный

ability -способность

explore -исследовать

beintouch - контактировать

brag- хвастаться

amazed – удивлённый, изумлены

conquer - покорять

install – установить

8.Is there any information in the text?
- concerning rules of sending e-mail?

How Gwen learned to use the computer?

Showing that Gwen had a right to brag?

That Gwen learned a little terminology?

About the family of Gwen and Tim?

About their age?

About their town?

About computer games?

9. Find word combinations in the text which mean the following:

их дочь оставила им компьютер, взрослые дети, они не проявили никакого интереса, основы компьютерной коммуникации, исследует новые способы получения информации через компьютер, регулярно общаться с сыном, отправлять и получать послания в любое время, немного терминологии, общественные события.

10.Retell the text using the following constructions:

The daughter of Gwen gave them….

At that time Gwen was… and Tim was…

First Gwen and Tim…

In spite of their protest their daughter…

She told them…

Sometime later…

She learned…

11. Find the words in the text which have the following meaning:

1. useless or unwanted

2. find the answer

3. feeling certain

4. examine in order to test

6. surprised

7. science or art

12. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.

1)modema) a system that allows messages to be sent from one computer to another

2)softwareb) feeling certain

3)e-mail) a piece of electronic equipment that allows information to be sent from one computer to another

4)confidentd) a piece of news

5)hard diske) the study or use of computers and other electronic equipment

6)informationf) a part inside a computer that can store technology,

7)messageg) the programmes that you put into computer to make them do

the job they want

13.Join these split sentences.

1. Knowing how a) an electronic machine which is used to store to use the computer and organize information

2. The term «virtual reality»b) when your computer crashes

3. A computer is c) describes computer images which appear

4. Customers’ names and d) you should invite a specialist addresses are stored

5. More and more schools e) your computer can become obsolete are using multimedia

6. In only a few years f) as a teaching aid

7. It is very annoying g) is a useful skill

8. If you can’t fix f) on our data base your computer

14. Закрепление лексики. Русско-английский перевод.

1. Удобно пользоваться электронной почтой, чтобы контактировать с друзьями.

2. Благодаря компьютеру я могу получать и отправлять сообщения в любое время.

3. Компьютерная терминология не очень трудная. Многие слова пришли из английского языка.

4. Он интересуется компьютерами, знает, как ими пользоваться и владеет основами компьютерного общения.

5. Когда работаешь с компьютером, возникают проблемы, которые необходимо решить.

6. Мы купили компьютер только два года назад, и он уже устарел.

7. Интересно, он пользуется компьютером сейчас или пишет книги ручкой?

8. «Майкрософт» стала крупнейшей фирмой в мире, разрабатывающей программное обеспечение для компьютеров.

15.Дискуссия. Работа по индивидуальным заданиям.
Discussion.Work in groups.
Group 1. Advantages of computers
1. Computers give access to a lot of information.

2. Computers let you communicate very quickly by e-mail or using the Internet

3. Computers can do some tasks very quickly, for example, send off large number of letters or bills.

4. Computers make it possible to work at home.

5. Word processors make it easier to write letters and reports, and to do work for school or college.

6. Children enjoy using computers, and multimedia, interactive software and virtual reality make learning more exciting. Many books are now available on CD-ROMs.

7. Large amounts of information can be stored in a database.

Group 2. Disadvantages of computers

1. Many people do not like using computers, and would prefer to deal with a person instead.

2. Computers can get viruses and damage software.

3. Software often have bugs, and sometimes computers fail and people lose all the work they had done.

4. Some children spend too much time playing computer games which can be very violent.

5. Anyone can put information on the Internet, so it can easily be used by criminals. There are no laws to stop this yet, and it is extremely difficult to control the Internet.

6. Computers quickly become obsolete, so they soon need to be replaced or updated.

7. If a computer is not working properly, most people do not know how to fix it, and this be very annoying.

Group 3. Internet Safety Basics

DON’T CHAT WITH STRANGERS! Your parents are RIGHT when they say «DON’TTALKTO STRANGERS». You really don’t know who the person is that you are chatting with. It can be very easy to mislead you.
ASK YOUR PARENTS AND SURE. Only surf where your parents have given your permission. If a website looks suspicious or has a warning page about you being underage , leave immediately. Some sites are not for kids. Do not go exploring. If you come across a site that you aren’t sure about, ask your parents. Don’t download any applications from the Internet that are from questionable sites. Some sites have viruses which come free with the downloads

PASSWORDS. Passwords are secret so don’t give out your passwords to anyone. Do not fill any online forms without asking your parents. Never put your e-mail password on any website while registering.

E-MAIL SAFETY. Never open up any email or attachment that you receive from people you don’t know. Ask your parents to look at it first. Sometimes email can contain viruses which could harm your computer. Ask your parents to install the latest anti-virus programmes.

SET YOUR TIME. Don’t spend all your time online. Set a time limit on your computer use. Keep your parents informed about sites you visit.

16. Write an essay «You are doing a project on how computers have changed people"s lives, how computers are changing things and how people feel about it. Have you got a computer at home? What do you use it for?200-250words»

Тип урока: развитие умений диалогической речи.

Вид урока: комбинированный.

Цель: комплексное формирование лексико-грамматических навыков учащихся в рамках темы, обучение устной речи в рамках темы “Научно-технический прогресс”.

• образовательные –

систематизировать лексический материал по теме “Компьютерные технологии”, совершенствовать навыки аудирования текста с общим охватом содержания и с извлечением конкретной информации, совершенствовать навыки чтения с извлечением нужной информации, совершенствовать грамматические навыки описания действий в прошлом, совершенствовать умения диалогической речи;

воспитательные –

воспитывать умение работать в группах, парах, индивидуально;

развивающие –

способствовать развитию творческих способностей учащихся, развивать умение выражать свое мнение и приводить аргументы, развивать навыки самооценивания в процессе обучения.

Оснащение урока (технические средства обучения): компьютер, проектор, аудиозаписи, раздаточный материал.

Ход урока

1. Организационный этап.

Teacher: Good morning everybody! Glad to see you again! Sit down please.

2. Сообщение темы и цели урока.

Teacher: So, boys and girls, today we are going to talk much about computers. The topic of our discussion is “Computers: friends or foes?” Please, read the statement on the blackboard and try to guess what the main aim of our lesson is:

“Computers aren’t intelligent, they only think they are”

(Учащиеся высказывают свои идеи.)

3. Речевая разминка. Актуализация лексики по теме.

А. Fill in the mind map.

Работа ведется фронтально, назвавший свой вариант последним – победитель.

Примерные ответы учащихся:

• searching for information
• typing and keeping information
• listening to music
• watching films
• printing documents
• using e-mail
• chatting with friends and relatives
• using social networks…

В. A computer quiz. Answer the questions. Use the words in the box:

(Работа организована в парах, дается время обдумать ответы на вопросы, затем каждая пара дает свои ответы, дополняя или поправляя при этом своих одноклассников.)

1. What computer system makes it possible to send letters very quickly?
2. What system allows computer users around the world to send and to obtain information?
3. What programs provide colorful pictures and sound?
4. What is the name of a computer-created “world”, which seems almost completely real?
5. What is a special term, which means “to obtain stored information from a computer’s memory”?
6. What do we call a disk on which a large quantity of information can be stored?
7. What do you call a sudden, unexpected computer failure?
8. What is the term for the electrical or electronic components of a computer?
9. What do we call a large collection of data that is stored in a computer system?
10. What is the term for a set of instructions secretly put into a computer that destroys the information stored in it and stops it from working normally?
11. Where on the Internet can you look for information about products and services offered by a company or organization?
12. What is WWW?
13. What store of information can you easily put into your pocket?
14. What do we call a set of computer programs to control the operation of a computer?
15. What kind of computer can you use on the plane?

4. Рефлексия.

Were the questions difficult for you?

Did you know the answers to all questions?

Could you explain the answers in Russian or in English? What was easier for you?

Have you learnt something new? Do you think it’s useful to know?

А. Listen to the interview with Mike Phillips, a journalist and match phrases from the interview (first column) to the ones similar in meaning from the second column. Add more uses of computers to the mind-map.

1. searching for	a) keeping a diary
2. plug into	b) looking for
3. an integral part	c) save the time
4. user-friendly	d) easy to use
5. reduce the time	e) a necessary part
6. keeping track of life	f) connect to

В. Listen to the interview again and fill in the gaps with the phrases from the table

1. I use it mainly for word processing (but not for writing, which I still do with a pen), ________, _______________ from the Internet, for writing purposes or for traveling.
2. I used to think the PC’s main purpose in our lives was to ______________ it took to get things done so that people could enjoy other hobbies – skiing, for example.
3. The PC is becoming ______________ of our private and professional lives I should say.
4. It was a small thing produced here in England, _____________ the TV.
5. And that was what got me really interested because the Macintosh is very _____________ .

6. Чтение.

Read the story “Steve belonged to the Net”and put the linking words where it is necessary. Answer the questions after the text.

7. Грамматика.

(Работа проводится фронтально, обсуждается стратегия выполнения заданий в формате ЕГЭ раздел “Чтение”, следует сделать акцент на необходимость знания грамматических структур для успешного выполнения заданий.

1. Why are the linking words in the text so important?
2. Which sentences in the first paragraph describe facts and which a process? Name the grammar forms of the verbs. Find some other cases in the text.
3. Read the sentences with while and when. Which grammar forms help to describe the actions in the past?
4. Read the underlined sentences in the 6 th paragraph. Which was earlier in time? How do you know? Find other cases in the text.

Read this paragraph. Somebody is talking about using computers. Complete the text by choosing one word for each gap. One of the words is used twice.

For me, computers are a (1) _________ to an end, nothing (2)_________ . I don’t find them interesting in (3) __________ . They enable me to do things that I need to do, (4) ________ as sending emails or checking information on websites to help me (5) __________ my homework or connected to one of my hobbies. But (6) __________ my sister the situation is (7) ________ different. It’s like you can’t believe we’re (8) ___________ related. She is obsessed with computers. I don’t understand, but that’s the truth.

8. Говорение.

In groups of three discuss the text “Steve belonged to the Net”. Answer the questions:

1. Why was the author so surprised that Steve didn’t want to talk to him?
2. How does the author describe his emotions?
3. Why was he worried in the end of the narration?
4. Can social networks substitute real life communication? What is your opinion?
5. How much time do you personally spend on the Net?
6. Do you have enough time for your hobbies or doing sport?
7. Would you rather have a computer or a person for company on a desert island?

Discuss with your partners whether computers are friends or foes in our life. Use the expressions on p. 242-243 of Student Books.

Работа в группах по 3 человека. (Представление своих аргументов, выражение согласия/несогласия.)

9. Подведение итогов урока.

Teacher: Well, I’d like to say that we have worked hard and you’ve been very active. I see that the problems we’ve discussed today are very interesting to you. I’d like you to express your attitude towards the exercises we’ve done and strategies we’ve discussed. What was difficult for you? What was new? Was it useful? Are you sure that you can express your opinion whether computers are friends or foes?

10. Домашнее задание.

SB упр. 2(1), стр. 240, диалог в группах “Computers: friends or foes?”

Scientific and technical progress

The basis of scientific and technical progress of today is new informational technology which is very different from all the previous technologies. Thanks to up-to-date software and robots new informational technologies can make many processes much faster and transmit information more quickly. It is important today because the quantity of information grows rapidly.
New informational society has its peculiarities. Firstly, more and more employees work in the sphere of service and information. Secondly, more and more huge databases appear to collect and store the information. And finally, information and IT become goods and start playing important part in the country"s economy.
These processes affect social structures and values.
It becomes important to learn to get new knowledge quickly and sometimes to change your qualification. IT can first lead to unemployment, but later create even more workplaces especially for highly qualified professionals. While the hardest work can be performed by robots and routine calculations by computers, in the future people with the most creative mind and numerous fresh ideas will get better career chances.
On one hand technology development gives more access to professional and cultural information and leads to new forms of individual enterprises. But on the other hand there is a danger of total control of private life unless special laws are enforced by the government.
Another danger is «intellectual terrorism» when computer viruses block important programs.
There are other directions of technical and scientific progress of today.
One of them is the development of new ecologically clean sources of energy using sun, gravitation, winds or rain. New kind of transports and new agricultural methods that do not harm our nature are being developed today.
Breakthroughs in science have led to creation of artificial viruses for new medicines and products, body organs for transplantation and productive soils for growing vegetables and crops. Many new materials and technologies are being used in our everyday life.
All these innovations may have influence on our life, social relations and globally on our Earth.
The influence can be very different: from psychological and health problems of children who spend too much time online to an opportunity to prevent genetic diseases for future generations.
But the most difficult problems the humanity faces are global problems.
The first and foremost is ecological problem: pollution of air, water and soil, exhaustion of natural resources. Renewable natural resources such as oxygen, forests, flora and fauna do not have enough time to regenerate. This leads to different changes in climate and nature such as depletion of ozone layer and other things that has not been properly studied by scientists yet.
Other crucial problems include wars, epidemics, and demographic problems.
The only way to solve them is to work globally and in cooperation with other countries. And here the humanity should find a way to use new technologies for the common good. The solution of these problems cannot be postponed because otherwise people will have fewer chances to survive on this planet.

Научно-технический прогресс Сегодня в основе научного и технического прогресса лежат новые информационные технологии(ИТ), которые значительно отличаются от всех предыдущих технологий. Благодаря новейшему программному обеспечению и роботам, новые ИТ могут ускорить многие процессы и быстрее передавать информацию. Сегодня это важно, потому что количество информации быстро растет.
Новое информационное общество имеет свои особенности. Во-первых, больше и больше сотрудников работают в сфере обслуживания и информации. Во-вторых, появляется все больше огромных хранилищ баз данных, для сбора и хранения информации. И наконец, информация и ИТ становятся товарами и начинают играть важную роль в экономике страны.
Эти процессы влияют на социальные структуры и ценности.
Становится важно получать быстро новые знания и иногда менять свою квалификацию. ИТ вначале могут привести к безработице, но затем создают даже большее число рабочих мест для высококвалифицированных специалистов. В то время как самая тяжелая работа может выполняться роботами, а стандартные вычисления компьютерами, в будущем люди с самым творческим сознанием и большим количеством свежих идей будут иметь лучшие карьерные возможности.
С одной стороны, развитие технологий дает больше доступа к профессиональной и культурной информации и приводит к созданию новых форм индивидуальных предприятий, но с другой стороны, есть опасность тотального контроля над частной жизнью, если специальные законы не будут принятыправительством.Другая опасность - это «интеллектуальный терроризм», когда компьютерные вирусы блокируют важные программы.
Есть и другие направления развития научно-технического прогресса сегодня.
Одно из них это развитие новых экологически чистых источников энергии, используя солнце, гравитацию, ветер или дождь. Сегодня развиваются новые виды транспорта и новые сельскохозяйственные методы, которые не вредят природе.Научные открытия привели к созданию искусственных вирусов для новых лекарств и продуктов, органов для трансплантации и производительных почв для выращивания овощей и злаков. Множество новых материалов и технологий используются в нашей повседневной жизни.
Все эти новшества могут иметь влияние на нашу жизнь, социальные взаимоотношения и в мировом масштабе на нашу Землю.
Влияние может быть различным: от психологических проблем и проблем со здоровьем у детей, которые проводят слишком много времени в интернете до возможности предотвращать генетические заболевания у будущих поколений.
Но самые сложные проблемы, с которыми сталкивается человечество - это глобальные проблемы.
Первая и главная это экологическая проблема: загрязнение воздуха, воды и почвы, истощение природных ресурсов. У возобновляемых природных ресурсов, таких как кислород, леса, флора и фауна не хватает вре¬мени на восстановление. Это приводит к различным изменениям в климате и в природе, таким как истощение озонового слоя и другим явлениям, которые еще не достаточно изучены учеными.
Другие ключевые проблемы это войны, эпидемии и демографические проблемы. Единственный способ решить их - работать глобально и в сотрудничестве с другими странами. И здесь человечество должно найти способ использовать новые технологии для общего блага. Решение этих проблем нельзя откладывать, иначе у людей останется меньше шансов выжить на этой планете

access - доступ
affect - влиять
breakthrough - открытие, достижение, научный прорыв
calculation - вычисление
common good - общее благо
crops - зерновые культуры
crucial - важнейший, ключевой крушиал
database –базаданных дейтебейз
development - развитие
to enforce - зд. приводить в силу (закон)
to face - сталкиваться
genetic - генетический
to harm - вредить, наносить вред
highly qualified – высококвалифицированный кволифайд
humАnity - человечество
to lead - вести к чему-то
otherwise - иначе, в противном случае
peculiarities - особенности пекьюляритиз
postpone - откладывать, переносить (во времени)
properly - как следует, должным образом
quantity - количество
rapidly - быстро
to regenerate - восстанавливаться, возрождаться
renewable natural resources - возобновляемые природные ресурсы
routine - обычный, стандартный рутИин
software - программное обеспечение
to solve a problem - решать проблему
solution - решение
source - источник
survive - выживать
transmit - передавать, переслать
unemployment - безработица
up-to-date - новейший, современный
values - ценности

Answer the questions
1. Why is IT progress different from other progresses?
2. What are the peculiarities of information society?
3. What is the role of information in this society?
4. According to the text who will have better career chances in the near future and why?
5. What are the possible dangers of wide access to information?
6. What ecologically clean sources of energy do you know?
7. How can scientific innovations influence our everyday life?
8. What are the key problems that humanity faces today?
9. How can these problems be solved?
10. What ecological problems are mentioned in the text?
11. What are the benefits of the scientific and technical progress?
12. What are the drawbacks of the scientific and technical progress?
13. Find in the text synonyms to the words «new», «fast», «important» and «to send». Can you think of other synonyms to these words?
14. Translate the underlined words and use them in your own sentences.

Tasks:

1. Choose the sentences which were used in the text.

Information and IT become goods and start playing important part in the country"s economy

Information and IT become goods and finish playing important part in the country"s economy

2 .Complete the sentences according to the text

Another danger is «intellectual terrorism» when….

3 .Write down if the sentences are true to the text or false

All these innovations may have influence on our study

4 .Match the word and the translation.

development - вредить, наносить
to enforce - генетический
to face - приводить в силу (закон)
genetic - сталкиваться
to harm - развитие

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Английский

Арабский немецкий английский испанский французский иврит итальянский японский голландский польский португальский румынский русский турецкий

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

Перевод "научно-технический прогресс" на английский

technological change
Существительное

" lang="en">

Technological change

Посмотреть примеры с переводом
(11 примеров, содержащих перевод)

" lang="en"> scientific and technical progress

Посмотреть примеры с переводом scientific and technological advances
(7 примеров, содержащих перевод)

" lang="en"> scientific and technological advances

Посмотреть примеры с переводом scientific and technological development
(6 примеров, содержащих перевод)

" lang="en"> scientific and technological development

Посмотреть примеры с переводом technological and scientific progress
(4 примеров, содержащих перевод)

" lang="en"> technological and scientific progress

Посмотреть примеры с переводом technological and scientific advances

" lang="en"> technological and scientific advances

Посмотреть примеры с переводом progress in science and technology
(3 примеров, содержащих перевод)

" lang="en"> progress in science and technology

science-based technological advance

" lang="en"> science-based technological advance

Посмотреть примеры, содержащие scientific and technological advancement
(2 примеров, содержащих перевод)

" lang="en"> scientific and technological advancement

Другие переводы

Дискутанты пришли к выводу, что научно-технический прогресс может создавать новые проблемы для ныне действующего законодательства.

Technological change might pose new challenges to existing legislation.">

Вызов установившемуся порядку, который может порой быть болезненным, возникает в ситуациях, когда научно-технический прогресс вызывает неожиданные глубокие изменения в человеческом обществе.

A challenge to the established order, which may sometimes be painful, is to be expected when brings about sudden and profound changes in human societies.

Scientific and technological progress brings about sudden and profound changes in human societies.">

Также начато проведение исследований по проблемам ксенофобии, новых форм дискриминации и изолированности, причиной которых является глобализация и научно-технический прогресс .

Studies on xenophobia, new forms of discrimination and exclusion arising from globalization and scientific and technological progress have been recently initiated.

Scientific and technological progress have been recently initiated.">

Выполнение подпрограмм Национальной космической программы ускорит научно-технический прогресс и повысит конкурентоспособность белорусской экономики.

The implementation of subprogrammes within the National Space Programme will facilitate the scientific and technical progress and improve the competitiveness of the Belarusian economy.

Scientific and technical progress and improve the competitiveness of the Belarusian economy.">

За сотни лет назад просто невозможно было представить общественно-политическую жизнь, научно-технический прогресс и экономический уровень сегодняшнего дня.

For hundreds years it was simply impossible to present a political life, scientific and technical progress and an economic level of today.

Scientific and technical progress and an economic level of today.">

Кроме того, научно-технический прогресс и экономика, опирающаяся на новые информационные технологии, подразумевают необходимость корректировки экспортных стратегий.

Technological change and the new IT-based economy implies a need for adjustment in export strategies.">

Глобализация, рост конкуренции и научно-технический прогресс ведут также к преобразованиям в организации производственных процессов вследствие необходимости повышения гибкости и оперативного реагирования на изменения запросов потребителей и конъюнктуры рынков.

Globalization, increased competition and technological change have also transformed the organization of production processes as a consequence of the need for greater flexibility and quick responses to changes in consumer demands and shifting markets.

Technological change have also transformed the organization of production processes as a consequence of the need for greater flexibility and quick responses to changes in consumer demands and shifting markets.">

Заметные положительные результаты достигаются в общей эксплуатации ресурсов за счет их сбережения и опоры на научно-технический прогресс .

Notable achievements have been made in the comprehensive exploitation of resources by promoting their conservation and relying on scientific and technological progress .

Scientific and technological progress.">

Отмечая, что научно-технический прогресс является одним из решающих факторов развития человеческого общества,

Scientific and technological progress is one of the decisive factors in the development of human society,">

Тем не менее сегодня научно-технический прогресс идет более широким фронтом, чем даже несколько лет назад.

Nevertheless, the process of technological change today is more widely diffused than it was even a few years ago.

Technological change today is more widely diffused than it was even a few years ago.">

Защита интеллектуальных прав собственности должна, скорее, содействовать, а не затруднять научно-технический прогресс на благо человечества.

Protection of intellectual property rights should boost rather than hamper scientific and technological progress in the service of mankind.

Scientific and technological progress in the service of mankind.">

Сегодня, когда научно-технический прогресс сближает всех людей, важно, чтобы терпимость стала универсальным принципом.

At a time when scientific and technological progress was bringing people together, it was essential to affirm tolerance as a universal principle.

Scientific and technological progress was bringing people together, it was essential to affirm tolerance as a universal principle.">

Развивающийся научно-технический прогресс , индустриализация и информатизация всех сфер современного общества - все это порождает рост негативного отношения к истории, культуре, традициям и ведет к девальвации ценностей в современном мире.

Scientific and technological progress , industrialization and computerization in all areas of modern society have generated increasingly negative attitudes to history, culture and traditions, and are leading to values losing their importance in the world today.

Scientific and technological progress, industrialization and computerization in all areas of modern society have generated increasingly negative attitudes to history, culture and traditions, and are leading to values losing their importance in the world today.">

В этом контексте Ассамблея приняла резолюцию 68/36, в которой признается важность принятия государствами мер, обеспечивающих научно-технический прогресс в контексте международной безопасности.

In this context, the Assembly adopted resolution 68/36, recognizing the importance of the adoption of measures that assure the scientific and technical progress by States, in the context of international security.

Scientific and technical progress by States, in the context of international security.">

В мире, который стремится добиться качественного изменения международных отношений в то время, когда научно-технический прогресс неуклонно укрепляет власть человека над природой, атом должен быть отныне только средством повышения благосостояния человека.

In a world that is striving to achieve a qualitative shift in international relations, while at the same time scientific and technological progress are continually strengthening mankind"s power over nature, the atom must henceforth become solely a positive factor for well-being.

Scientific and technological progress are continually strengthening mankind"s power over nature, the atom must henceforth become solely a positive factor for well-being.">

Глобализация и научно-технический прогресс видоизменяют производство по всей европе, приводя к упадку традиционных отраслей промышленности и быстрому росту высокотехнологичного производства, банковского дела и финансов, научных исследований и деловых услуг.

Globalization and technological change are reshaping production throughout Europe, leading to the decline of traditional industries and rapid growth of high-technology manufacturing, banking and finance, scientific research, and business services.

Technological change are reshaping production throughout Europe, leading to the decline of traditional industries and rapid growth of high-technology manufacturing, banking and finance, scientific research, and business services.">

Главными задачами применительно к процессу развития, а также роли и содержанию оперативной деятельности Организации Объединенных Наций являются глобализация, либерализация, научно-технический прогресс и необходимость интеграции развивающихся стран в мировое хозяйство.

Globalization, liberalization, technological change and the need for developing countries to integrate into the world economy represent major challenges for development as well as for the role and content of the United Nations operational activities.

Technological change and the need for developing countries to integrate into the world economy represent major challenges for development as well as for the role and content of the United Nations operational activities.">

Столетняя история университета ярко отображает не только экономическое развитие большого южного региона государства и научно-технический прогресс , но и его общественно-политическую и культурную жизнь.

A one hundred history of the University reflects not only economic development of a big southern region of the state, scientific and technical progress , but its public, political and cultural life.

Scientific and technical progress, but its public, political and cultural life.">

Глобализация, либерализация и быстрый научно-технический прогресс сопровождаются такими явлениями, как усиление экономического неравенства, нищета, безработица и ухудшение состояния окружающей среды во многих странах - как развитых, так и развивающихся.

Globalization, liberalization and rapid technological change have been accompanied by increasing economic inequality, poverty, unemployment and environmental degradation in many countries, both developed and developing.

Technological change have been accompanied by increasing economic inequality, poverty, unemployment and environmental degradation in many countries, both developed and developing.">

Scientific and technical progress

The basis of scientific and technical progress of today is new informational technology which is very different from all the previous technologies. Thanks to up-to-date software and robots new informational technologies can make many processes much faster and transmit information more quickly. It is important today because the quantity of information grows rapidly.
New informational society has its peculiarities. Firstly, more and more employees work in the sphere of service and information. Secondly, more and more huge databases appear to collect and store the information. And finally, information and IT become goods and start playing important part in the country"s economy.
These processes affect social structures and values.
It becomes important to learn to get new knowledge quickly and sometimes to change your qualification. IT can first lead to unemployment, but later create even more workplaces especially for highly qualified professionals. While the hardest work can be performed by robots and routine calculations by computers, in the future people with the most creative mind and numerous fresh ideas will get better career chances.
On one hand technology development gives more access to professional and cultural information and leads to new forms of individual enterprises, but on the other hand there is a danger of total control of private life unless special laws are enforced by the government.
Another danger is «intellectual terrorism» when computer viruses block important programs.
There are other directions of technical and scientific progress of today.
One of them is the development of new ecologically clean sources of energy using sun, gravitation, winds or rain. New kind of transports and new agricultural methods that do not harm our nature are being developed today.
Breakthroughs in science have led to creation of artificial viruses for new medicines and products, body organs for transplantation and productive soils for growing vegetables and crops. Many new materials and technologies are being used in our everyday life.
All these innovations may have influence on our life, social relations and globally on our Earth.
The influence can be very different: from psychological and health problems of children who spend too much time online to an opportunity to prevent genetic diseases for future generations.
But the most difficult problems the humanity faces are global problems.
The first and foremost is ecological problem: pollution of air, water and soil, exhaustion of natural resources. Renewable natural resources such as oxygen, forests, flora and fauna do not have enough time to regenerate. This leads to different changes in climate and nature such as depletion of ozone layer and other things that has not been properly studied by scientists yet.
Other crucial problems include wars, epidemics, and demographic problems.
The only way to solve them is to work globally and in cooperation with other countries. And here the humanity should find a way to use new technologies for the common good. The solution of these problems cannot be postponed because otherwise people will have fewer chances to survive on this planet.

Научно-технический прогресс

Сегодня в основе научного и технического прогресса лежат новые информационные технологии(ИТ), которые значительно отличаются от всех предыдущих технологий. Благодаря новейшему программному обеспечению и роботам, новые ИТ могут ускорить многие процессы и быстрее передавать информацию. Сегодня это важно, потому что количество информации быстро растет.
Новое информационное общество имеет свои особенности. Во-первых, больше и больше сотрудников работают в сфере обслуживания и информации. Во-вторых, появляется все больше огромных хранилищ баз данных, для сбора и хранения информации. И наконец, информация и ИТ становятся товарами и начинают играть важную роль в экономике страны.
Эти процессы влияют на социальные структуры и ценности.
Становится важно получать быстро новые знания и иногда менять свою квалификацию. ИТ вначале могут привести к безработице, но затем создают даже большее число рабочих мест для высококвалифицированных специалистов. В то время как самая тяжелая работа может выполняться роботами, а стандартные вычисления компьютерами, в будущем люди с самым творческим сознанием и большим количеством свежих идей будут иметь лучшие карьерные возможности.
С одной стороны, развитие технологий дает больше доступа к профессиональной и культурной информации и приводит к созданию новых форм индивидуальных предприятий, но с другой стороны, есть опасность тотального контроля над частной жизнью, если специальные законы не будут приняты правительством.
Другая опасность - это «интеллектуальный терроризм», когда компьютерные вирусы блокируют важные программы.
Есть и другие направления развития научно-технического прогресса сегодня.
Одно из них это развитие новых экологически чистых источников энергии, используя солнце, гравитацию, ветер или дождь. Сегодня развиваются новые виды транспорта и новые сельскохозяйственные методы, которые не вредят природе.
Научные открытия привели к созданию искусственных вирусов для новых лекарств и продуктов, органов для трансплантации и производительных почв для выращивания овощей и злаков. Множество новых материалов и технологий используются в нашей повседневной жизни.
Все эти новшества могут иметь влияние на нашу жизнь, социальные взаимоотношения и в мировом масштабе на нашу Землю.
Влияние может быть различным: от психологических проблем и проблем со здоровьем у детей, которые проводят слишком много времени в интернете до возможности предотвращать генетические заболевания у будущих поколений.
Но самые сложные проблемы, с которыми сталкивается человечество - это глобальные проблемы.
Первая и главная это экологическая проблема: загрязнение воздуха, воды и почвы, истощение природных ресурсов. У возобновляемых природных ресурсов, таких как кислород, леса, флора и фауна не хватает вре¬мени на восстановление. Это приводит к различным изменениям в климате и в природе, таким как истощение озонового слоя и другим явлениям, которые еще не достаточно изучены учеными.
Другие ключевые проблемы это войны, эпидемии и демографические проблемы. Единственный способ решить их - работать глобально и в сотрудничестве с другими странами. И здесь человечество должно найти способ использовать новые технологии для общего блага. Решение этих проблем нельзя откладывать, иначе у людей останется меньше шансов выжить на этой планете.

Vocabulary:

access - доступ
affect - влиять
breakthrough - открытие, достижение, научный прорыв
calculation - вычисление
common good - общее благо
crops - зерновые культуры
crucial - важнейший, ключевой
database -базаданных
development - развитие
to develop - развивать
to enforce - зд. приводить в силу (закон)
to face - сталкиваться
genetic - генетический
global - глобальный, всемирный
to harm - вредить, наносить вред
highly qualified - высококвалифицированный
humanity - человечество
to lead - вести к чему-то
otherwise - иначе, в противном случае
peculiarities - особенности
postpone - откладывать, переносить (во времени)
properly - как следует, должным образом
quantity - количество
rapidly - быстро
to regenerate - восстанавливаться, возрождаться
renewable natural resources - возобновляемые природные ресурсы
routine - обычный, стандартный
software - программное обеспечение
to solve a problem - решать проблему
solution - решение
source - источник
survive - выживать
transmit - передавать, переслать
unemployment - безработица
up-to-date - новейший, современный
values - ценности

Answer the questions
1. Why is IT progress different from other progresses?
2. What are the peculiarities of information society?
3. What is the role of information in this society?
4. According to the text who will have better career chances in the near future and why?
5. What are the possible dangers of wide access to information?
6. What ecologically clean sources of energy do you know?
7. How can scientific innovations influence our everyday life?
8. What are the key problems that humanity faces today?
9. How can these problems be solved?
10. What ecological problems are mentioned in the text?
11. What are the benefits of the scientific and technical progress?
12. What are the drawbacks of the scientific and technical progress?
13. Find in the text synonyms to the words «new», «fast», «important» and «to send». Can you think of other synonyms to these words?
14. Translate the underlined words and use them in your own sentences.